Caring for Senior Alpacas

Alpacas are considered senior from about 12–14 years of age, and many live into their twenties. With a few adjustments, older alpacas can stay comfortable and content.

Common changes with age

• Worn or lost teeth → slower eating, dropping feed, weight loss
• Arthritis → stiffness, reluctance to stand or kush
• Reduced immunity → more vulnerable to parasites and infections
• Poorer temperature control → struggle in heat and cold
• Lower social rank → pushed off feed by younger animals

Feeding older alpacas

• Offer leafy, soft hay (second cutting, orchardgrass or teff).
• Add soaked feeds: beet pulp, alfalfa or timothy pellets, or a senior camelid pellet. See beet pulp.
• Feed separately so they can eat at their own pace.
• Check teeth yearly; your vet can address sharp points, abscesses or overgrown incisors.

Body condition

Score monthly under the fleece — weight loss in seniors is easy to miss. Use the body condition guide. Investigate any loss with a fecal test and dental check.

Comfort

• Deep, dry bedding and level, non-slip footing.
• Shelter from wind and coats in severe cold; extra cooling in heat.
• Keep toenails short to reduce joint strain.
• Ask your vet about pain relief for arthritis.

Health checks

• Fecal egg counts at least as often as for younger animals.
• Watch for weight loss, which can indicate Johne’s disease, lymphoma or dental disease.
• Keep vaccinations up to date.

Quality of life

There may come a time when an old alpaca can no longer stand, eat or enjoy the herd. Discuss quality of life with your vet early. Keep the herd together during and after euthanasia — alpacas often benefit from seeing a companion’s body, which may help them understand the loss.

Frequently asked questions

At what age is an alpaca old? Around 12–14 years, though many remain active into their late teens.

What do you feed an old alpaca with no teeth? Soaked pellets, beet pulp and finely chopped leafy forage, fed separately.